Suicide is the second leading cause of death among young people aged 10 to 24. Many families feel unprepared to recognize the signs of mental distress in their children or know how to respond when a teen might be at risk.
As we observe National Suicide Prevention Month this September, it’s an important time to consider the complexities of teen mental health and the steps families can take to help prevent suicide. By becoming more aware of the warning signs, engaging in open and honest conversations, and building a supportive home environment, parents and caregivers can play a crucial role in safeguarding youth mental health.
What Parents Need to Know about Suicide
Suicide rates among teens have increased dramatically over the past decade. Suicide is the second leading cause of death for young people aged 10 to 24, affecting families across all communities.
While no single factor leads to suicide, certain factors and conditions can increase the risk, including:
Mental health conditions: Conditions like depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder are among the most significant risk factors. Teens with a family history of mental illness or suicide are also at higher risk.
Life stressors: Intense academic pressure, relationship breakups, or the loss of a loved one can trigger feelings of hopelessness and despair in teens.
Bullying and cyberbullying: Teens who are bullied or cyber-bullied are at a greater risk for developing suicidal thoughts or attempting suicide. The constant access to social media can amplify feelings of inadequacy and isolation.
Trauma and abuse: Experiencing trauma, such as physical, emotional, or sexual abuse, can significantly increase the risk of suicide.
Substance use: Alcohol and drug use can exacerbate mental health conditions and lower inhibitions, increasing the likelihood of a suicide attempt.
Debunking myths about teen suicide
There are many myths surrounding teen suicide that can prevent parents from taking the necessary steps to address it:
Myth: "Talking to teens about suicide will put the idea in their head." Reality: Research shows that talking openly about suicide does not increase the risk. In fact, discussing suicide in a safe, supportive way can actually reduce stigma, encourage help-seeking, and help teens feel less alone.
Myth: "Teens who talk about suicide are just looking for attention." Reality: Comments about wanting to die should never be dismissed as attention-seeking. Such statements are often a cry for help, and taking them seriously can prevent a tragedy.
Myth: "Only teens with diagnosed mental allnesses are at risk for suicide." Reality: While mental health conditions like depression and anxiety are major risk factors, suicide can affect any teen. Even those without a diagnosed mental illness can experience suicidal thoughts or even attempts.
Recognizing the Signs of Depression and Suicidal Thoughts in Teens
Teens may not always express their feelings openly, especially to their parents. However, parents can look out for certain emotional, behavioral, and verbal cues that may indicate that a teen is struggling.
Persistent sadness or irritability: Ongoing feelings of sadness, anger, hopelessness, or worthlessness.
Loss of interest: Disinterest in activities or hobbies they once enjoyed.
Social withdrawal: Avoiding friends, family, or social situations.
Changes in sleep or appetite: Insomnia, oversleeping, or significant changes in eating habits.
Neglecting personal appearance: A sudden lack of care for hygiene or grooming.
Risky or self-destructive behaviors: Substance abuse, engaging in risky or reckless actions, or self-harm.
Giving away belongings: Giving away treasured items may indicate suicidal thoughts.
Direct or indirect statements: Talking about wanting to die, feeling like a burden, or expressing hopelessness.
Sudden calmness: A sudden, unexplained shift to calmness after a period of distress can signal risk.
Talking about suicide methods: Mentioning or researching ways to die.
Previous attempts: A history of past attempts increases future risk.
If you notice any of these signs, take them seriously and seek professional help immediately. Call or text the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline at 988 or dial 911.
Talking to Teens about Suicide
Talking to a teenager about suicide might feel scary or overwhelming, but open communication is one of the most effective suicide prevention strategies. Here are some tips on how to approach this topic.
Create a safe space for open conversations
Encourage a supportive environment where your teen feels safe discussing difficult topics. Let them know they can talk to you without fear of judgment or punishment. Start the conversation naturally, perhaps by mentioning something you’ve read or seen related to mental health. You can also mention signs of depression you’ve noticed in them and express your concern for their well-being.
Listen without judgment
When your teen shares their feelings, listen attentively without interrupting, judging, or minimizing their experiences. Use phrases like, "I'm here for you" or "I’m glad you told me." Showing empathy and understanding helps your teen feel heard and less alone.
Ask direct questions
Don’t be afraid to ask direct questions, like “Are you thinking about hurting yourself?” or “Have you thought about suicide?” Research shows that asking about suicide does not increase risk — instead, it opens up a conversation and provides an opportunity for support.
Respond calmly and reassure them
If your teen admits to having suicidal thoughts, stay calm. Let them know you care deeply about them and that help is available. Avoid overreacting, which can make them feel more isolated or fearful about opening up to you and others in the future.
Discuss mental health resources
Share information about mental health resources, such as counselors, therapists, hotlines, or online support groups. Encourage them to speak to a mental health professional and offer to help find the right support. Take on the leg work of finding a therapist that specializes in youth mental health and takes their insurance.
Know when to seek immediate help
If your teen talks about having a plan to attempt suicide or seems in immediate danger, don't leave them alone. Contact a mental health professional, call a suicide prevention hotline, or go to the nearest emergency room.
If You or Someone You Know Needs Help, Please Reach Out
Call or text the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline at 988. If someone is an immediate threat to themselves or others, dial 911.
For support with general suicidal thoughts or depression symptoms, please contact WPA to set up a consultation.